摘要: 本文对俄罗斯和美国核电阀门所采用的主要规范作简要介绍,并重点对俄2级阀门和asme1级阀门的主要技术要求差异作对比论述,以研究、探讨两个规范系列在核电阀门级别上的等同性,同时分析俄、美两国规范体系对核级设备要求的异同,zui后确定俄2级阀门与asme1级阀门不能*等同的结论。 关键字: 阀门 规范 差异 试验
var words =%3cp%3e%3cfont%20color%3d%230909f7%3e%3cfont%20color%3d%23000000%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%3c/font%3e3.4%20%u5728%u5236%u9020%u3001%u5b89%u88c5%u53ca%u68c0%u9a8c%u65b9%u9762%u7684%u8981%u6c42%u5bf9%u6bd4%3c/font%3e%20%3c/p%3e%0d%0a%3cp%3e%3cfont%20face%3dverdana%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%3c/font%3e%u4fc4%u3001%u7f8e%u4e24%u4e2a%u89c4%u8303%u4f53%u7cfb%u5728%u6838%u7535%u9600%u95e8%u7684%u5236%u9020%u3001%u5b89%u88c5%u8981%u6c42%u4e0a%u57fa%u672c%u4e0a%u662f%u76f8%u5f53%u7684%uff0c%u4f46%u5728%u68c0%u9a8c%u8981%u6c42%u4e0a%u5dee%u5f02%u8f83%u5927%uff0c%u5982%uff1aott-87%u5bf9%u4e8e%u9600%u95e8%u96f6%u3001%u90e8%u4ef6%u7684%u5236%u9020%u4ece%u8868%u9762%u7c97%u7cd9%u5ea6%u3001%u52a0%u5de5%u786c%u5ea6%u53ca%u68c0%u9a8c%u7b49%u65b9%u9762%u89c4%u5b9a%u4e86%u5177%u4f53%u7684%u8981%u6c42%u3002%u4fc4%u89c4%u8303%u5728%u67d0%u4e9b%u8303%u56f4%u8f83%u4e3a%u4e25%u683c%uff0c%u4f8b%u5982%uff1a%u5728%u6838%u7535%u7ad9%u9600%u95e8%u7684%u96f6%u4ef6%u5236%u9020%u534a%u6210%u54c1%u7684%u68c0%u9a8c%u8303%u56f4%u65b9%u9762%uff0c%u5728ott%u4e2d%u5bf91a%u30012b%u7ea7%u9600%u95e8%u7684%u8981%u6c42%u6ca1%u6709%u533a%u5206%uff08%u4e0e3c%u7ea7%u6709%u533a%u522b%uff09%uff0c%u800c%u6309%u7167asme%u89c4%u8303%uff0c%u5bf9%u4e8e%u6838%u7535%u7ad91%u30012%u7ea7%u9600%u95e8%u7684%u96f6%u4ef6%u5236%u9020%u534a%u6210%u54c1%u7684%u68c0%u9a8c%u8303%u56f4%u65b9%u9762%u6709%u663e%u8457%u5dee%u5f02%u3002%3c/p%3e%0d%0a%3cp%3e%3cfont%20face%3dverdana%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%3c/font%3e%u5728%u4e0d%u540c%u516c%u79f0%u901a%u5f84%u9600%u95e8%u7684%u8981%u6c42%u4e0a%uff0c%u4e24%u4e2a%u89c4%u8303%u7cfb%u5217%u4e5f%u6709%u6781%u5927%u7684%u5206%u522b%uff0c%u5373%u6839%u636easme%u89c4%u8303%u5bf9%u4e8edn%u226450%u9600%u95e8%u7684%u65e0%u635f%u68c0%u9a8c%u6ca1%u6709%u8981%u6c42%uff0c%u5bf9%u4e8e50%20mm%26lt%3bdn%26lt%3b100%20mm%u7684%u68c0%u9a8c%u8303%u56f4%u8f83%u4f4e%uff0c%u4f8b%u5982dn%u2264100%u7684%u94f8%u952d%u4e0d%u7ecf%u8fc7x%u5c04%u7ebf%u68c0%u67e5%uff08%u710a%u63a5%u7aef%u9664%u5916%uff09%uff0c%u953b%u4ef6%uff08%u6a21%u953b%u4ef6%uff09%u4e0d%u8fdb%u884c%u8d85%u58f0%u6ce2%u68c0%u9a8c%uff0c%u800c%u4e14asme%u89c4%u8303%u5bf9%u5165%u53e3%u63a5%u7ba1%u540d%u4e49%u7ba1%u5f84%u7b49%u4e8e%u6216%u5c0f%u4e8e100%20mm%u7684%u9600%u95e8%u4e0a%u7684%u786c%u8d28%u5408%u91d1%u8868%u9762%u5806%u710a%u5c42%u4e0d%u8981%u6c42%u8fdb%u884c%u6db2%u4f53%u6e17%u900f%u68c0%u9a8c%u3002%u800cott-87%u5bf9%u4e8e%u4e0d%u540c%u516c%u79f0%u901a%u5f84%u9600%u95e8%u7684%u68c0%u9a8c%u8303%u56f4%u6ca1%u6709%u533a%u522b%uff0c%u4e14%u65e0%u635f%u68c0%u9a8c%u8303%u56f4%u8981%u6c42%u591a%u4e8easme%u89c4%u8303%u3002%u5728ott-87%u4e2d%u5b9e%u9645%u4e0a%u6240%u6709%u7ea7%u522b%u9600%u95e8%u7684%u96f6%u4ef6%u90fd%u8fdb%u884c%u5404%u79cd%u68c0%u9a8c%uff0c%u8fd8%u8bbe%u7f6e%u4e86asme%u89c4%u8303%u4e2d%u7f3a%u5c11%u7684%u4e00%u4e9b%u68c0%u9a8c%u7a0b%u5e8f%uff0c%u4f8b%u5982%u5965%u6c0f%u4f53%u94a2%u96f6%u4ef6%u7684%u94c1%u7d20%u4f53%u542b%u91cf%u7684%u68c0%u9a8c%u3002%3c/p%3e%0d%0a%3cp%3e%3cfont%20face%3dverdana%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%3c/font%3e%u6309%u7167ott-87%uff0c%u6240%u6709%u7ea7%u522b%u9600%u95e8%u7684%u4e3b%u7d27%u56fa%u4ef6%u7684%u68c0%u9a8c%u8303%u56f4%u90fd%u76f8%u5f53%u5e7f%u6cdb%uff0c%u800casme%u89c4%u8303%uff0c%u5bf9%u5c0f%u4e8e25%20mm%u7684%u7d27%u56fa%u4ef6%u96f6%u4ef6%u9664%u76ee%u89c6%u68c0%u67e5%u5916%u90fd%u4e0d%u68c0%u9a8c%u3002%u6309%u7167%u4fc4%u7f57%u6f%u6807%u51c6%u6587%u4ef6%uff0c%u5bf9%u7d27%u56fa%u4ef6%u7684%u8981%u6c42%u5728%u89c4%u8303%u0393oct23304%u548c%u0393oct20700%u4e2d%u6709%u89c4%u5b9a%uff0c%u4e0easme%u89c4%u8303%u89c4%u5b9a%u7684%u68c0%u9a8c%u7a0b%u5e8f%uff08%u8d85%u58f0%u6ce2%u68c0%u9a8c%u3001%u6db2%u4f53%u6e17%u900f%u68c0%u9a8c%u6216%u78c1%u7c89%u68c0%u9a8c%uff09%u4e00%u6837%uff0c%u89c4%u8303%u0393oct23304%u4e0d%u4ec5%u8981%u6c42%u5bf9%u7d27%u56fa%u4ef6%u534a%u6210%u54c1%u8fdb%u884c%u8d85%u58f0%u6ce2%u68c0%u9a8c%uff0c%u800c%u4e14%u8fd8%u8981%u6c42asme%u89c4%u8303%u4e2d%u7f3a%u5c11%u7684%u4e00%u7cfb%u5217%u68c0%u9a8c%u7a0b%u5e8f%uff1b%u5982%u5149%u8c31%u4eea%u68c0%u9a8c%u3001%u8106%u6027%u8f6c%u53d8%u6e29%u5ea6%u7684%u786e%u5b9a%u3001%u8131%u78b3%u5c42%u6df1%u5ea6%u68c0%u9a8c%u7b49%u7b49%u3002%3c/p%3e%0d%0a%3cp%3e%3cfont%20face%3dverdana%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%3c/font%3eott-87%u5728%u9644%u5f5512%u5bf9%u5806%u710a%u786c%u8d28%u5408%u91d1%u7684%u5bc6%u5c01%u8868%u9762%u8d28%u91cf%u63d0%u51fa%u4e86%u5f88%u4e25%u683c%u7684%u8981%u6c42%uff0c%u5728ott-87%u768412.2%u6761%u4e2d%u8be6%u7ec6%u8bf4%u660e%u4e86%u6bdb%u7ec6%u68c0%u9a8c%u65f6%u4e0d%u5141%u8bb8%u7684%u5806%u710a%u7f3a%u9677%u3002%3c/p%3e%0d%0a%3cp%3e%3cfont%20face%3dverdana%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%3c/font%3e%u9524%u51fb%u5728%u4e00%u822c%u5de5%u7a0b%u4e2d%u88ab%u5e7f%u6cdb%u7528%u4e8e%u51cf%u5c11%u710a%u63a5%u53d8%u5f62%uff0c%u4f46%u662f%u7531%u4e8e%u9524%u51fb%u4f1a%u5e26%u6765%u51b7%u4f5c%u786c%u5316%uff0c%u5f71%u54cd%u710a%u7f1d%u91d1%u5c5e%u7684%u529b%u5b66%u6027%u80fd%uff0c%u6240%u4ee5%u5728%u91cd%u8981%u5de5%u7a0b%u4e2d%u5e94%u52a0%u4ee5%u9650%u5236%u3002%u5728asmeiii%u4e2d%u5bf9%u9524%u51fb%u4f5c%u51fa%u4e86%u660e%u786e%u7684%u9650%u5236%u89c4%u5b9a%uff0c%u4f46%u4fc4%u89c4%u8303%u6ca1%u6709%u63d0%u53ca%u8fd9%u65b9%u9762%u7684%u8981%u6c42%u3002%3c/p%3e%0d%0a%3cp%3e%3cfont%20face%3dverdana%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%3c/font%3e%3cfont%20color%3d%230909f7%3e3.5%20%u5728%u9600%u95e8%u51fa%u5382%u8bd5%u9a8c%u548c%u9274%u5b9a%u8bd5%u9a8c%u65b9%u9762%u7684%u8981%u6c42%u5bf9%u6bd4%3c/font%3e%3c/p%3e%0d%0a%3cp%3e%3cfont%20face%3dverdana%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%3cfont%20color%3d%230909f7%3e%20%3c/font%3e%3c/font%3e%3cfont%20color%3d%230909f7%3e3.5.1%u5173%u4e8e%u51fa%u5382%u8bd5%u9a8c%3c/font%3e%3c/p%3e%0d%0a%3cp%3e%3cfont%20face%3dverdana%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%3c/font%3eott-87%u572811.6%u6761%u4e2d%u89c4%u5b9a%u4e86%u9600%u95e8%u7684%u79fb%u4ea4%u9a8c%u6536%u8bd5%u9a8c%uff08%u76f8%u5f53%u4e8e%u51fa%u5382%u8bd5%u9a8c%uff09%uff0c%u5728%u79fb%u4ea4%u9a8c%u6536%u8bd5%u9a8c%u4e2d%uff0c%u6bcf%u4ef6%u9600%u95e8%u4ea7%u54c1%u5e94%u7531%u5236%u9020%u5382%u8fdb%u884c%u5916%u89c2%u68c0%u67e5%u5e76%u7ecf%u53d7%u4ee5%u4e0b%u8bd5%u9a8c%uff1a%3c/p%3e%0d%0a%3cp%3e%3cfont%20face%3dverdana%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%3c/font%3e%uff081%uff09%u4ecb%u8d28%u538b%u529b%u4e0b%u9600%u95e8%u96f6%u4ef6%u548c%u710a%u7f1d%u7684%u5f3a%u5ea6%u548c%u6c14%u5bc6%u6027%u8bd5%u9a8c%uff1b%3cbr%3e%3cfont%20face%3dverdana%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%3c/font%3e%uff082%uff09%u884c%u7a0b%u4e0a%u7684%u5de5%u4f5c%u80fd%u529b%u548c%u5e73%u7a33%u6027%u8bd5%u9a8c%uff1b%3cbr%3e%3cfont%20face%3dverdana%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%3c/font%3e%uff083%uff09%u9600%u74e3%u3001%u9600%u6746%u4e0a%u7684%u5bc6%u5c01%uff08%u5982%u679c%u8bd5%u9a8c%u4e4b%u540e%u4e0d%u66ff%u6362%u5bc6%u5c01%uff09%u3001%u9600%u4f53-%u9600%u76d6%u63a5%u5408%u9762%u3001%u4e0a%u90e8%u5bc6%u5c01%u7684%u5bc6%u5c01%u6027%u8bd5%u9a8c%uff08%u5bf9%u4e8e%u4ece%u586b%u6599%u51fd%u7a7a%u95f4%u53ef%u63a7%u6cc4%u6f0f%u7684%u9600%u95e8%uff09%u4ee5%u53ca%u5176%u5b83%u5bc6%u5c01%u6027%u8bd5%u9a8c%uff1b%3cbr%3e%3cfont%20face%3dverdana%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%3c/font%3e%uff084%uff09%u76f8%u5bf9%u5916%u90e8%u4ecb%u8d28%u7684%u771f%u7a7a%u6c14%u5bc6%u6027%u8bd5%u9a8c%uff08%u5bf9%u4e8e%u5de5%u4f5c%u538b%u529b%26lt%3b0.1%20mpa%u7684%u9600%u95e8%u548c%u6ce2%u7eb9%u7ba1%u9600%u95e8%uff09%u3002%3c/p%3e%0d%0a%3cp%3e%3cfont%20face%3dverdana%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%3c/font%3e%u800c%u7f8e%u6807%u51c6ansi%20b16.34%u5728%u7b2c7%u8282%u4e2d%u89c4%u5b9a%u4e86%u58f3%u4f53%u8bd5%u9a8c%u548c%u9600%u95e8%u5bc6%u5c01%u8bd5%u9a8c%u8981%u6c42%uff0c%u5e76%u5728asmeiii%20nb6000%u4e2d%u89c4%u5b9a%u4e86%u6c34%u538b%u8bd5%u9a8c%u8981%u6c42%uff0c%u4e24%u4e2a%u89c4%u8303%u4f53%u7cfb%u5173%u4e8e%u9600%u95e8%u51fa%u5382%u8bd5%u9a8c%u7684%u8981%u6c42%u57fa%u672c%u7c7b%u4f3c%uff0c%u6709%u4ee5%u4e0b%u51e0%u70b9%u5dee%u5f02%uff1a%3c/p%3e%0d%0a%3cp%3e%3cfont%20face%3dverdana%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%3c/font%3e%uff081%uff09%u4fc4%u89c4%u5b9a%u7528%u538b%u529b%u8fdb%u884c%u7684%u5f3a%u5ea6%u548c%u5bc6%u5c01%u6027%u6c34%u538b%u8bd5%u9a8c%uff0c%u5e94%u4e0d%u4f4e%u4e8e%u201c008%u8bbe%u7f6e%u53ca%u5b89%u5168%u8fd0%u884c%u89c4%u8303%u201d5.2.1%u6761%u89c4%u5b9a%u7684%u8981%u6c42%uff0c%u6c34%u538b%u8bd5%u9a8c%u538b%u529b%u5e94%u4e0d%u4f4e%u4e8e%u4ee5%u4e0b%u516c%u5f0f%u6240%u786e%u5b9a%u7684%u503c%uff1a%3c/p%3e%0d%0a%3cp%3e%3cfont%20face%3dverdana%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%3c/font%3ep%3csub%3eh%3c/sub%3e%3dk%3csub%3eh%3c/sub%3ep%5b%u03b4%5d%3csup%3eth%3c/sup%3e/%5b%u03b4%5d%3csup%3et%3c/sup%3e%uff08%u4e0b%u9650%uff09%3c/p%3e%0d%0a%3cp%3e%3cfont%20face%3dverdana%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%3c/font%3e%u5728%u4e0a%u5217%u516c%u5f0f%u4e2d%uff0c%u9600%u95e8k%3d1.25%uff1bp%u4e3a%u5de5%u5382%u8bd5%u9a8c%u65f6%u7684%u8bbe%u8ba1%u538b%u529b%u6216%u5b89%u88c5%u540e%u8fd0%u884c%u8fc7%u7a0b%u4e2d%u8bd5%u9a8c%u65f6%u7684%u5de5%u4f5c%u538b%u529b%uff1a%5b%u03b4%5d%3csup%3eth%3c/sup%3e%u662f%u58f3%u4f53%u96f6%u4ef6%u6c34%u538b%u8bd5%u9a8c%u6e29%u5ea6th%u4e0b%u7684%u989d%u5b9a%u8bb8%u7528%u5e94%u529b%uff1b%5b%u03b4%5d%3csup%3et%3c/sup%3e%u662f%u9600%u95e8%u58f3%u4f53%u96f6%u4ef6%u8bbe%u8ba1%u6e29%u5ea6t%u4e0b%u7684%u989d%u5b9a%u8bb8%u7528%u5e94%u529b%u3002%3c/p%3e%0d%0a%3cp%3e%3cfont%20face%3dverdana%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%3c/font%3e%u800c%u7f8easme%3cfont%20face%3dverdana%3e%u2162%3c/font%3enb6220%u8981%u6c42%u6c34%u538b%u8bd5%u9a8c%u538b%u529b%u503c%u4e0d%u4f4e%u4e8e1.25%u500d%u8bbe%u5907%u8bbe%u8ba1%u538b%u529b%u3002%u7531%u4e8e%u4e00%u822c%u60c5%u51b5%u4e0b%5b%u03b4%5d%3csup%3eth%3c/sup%3e%20%26gt%3b%5b%u03b4%5d%3csup%3et%3c/sup%3e%uff0c%u663e%u7136%u4fc4%u6c34%u538b%u8bd5%u9a8c%u538b%u529b%u4f4e%u9650%u9ad8%u4e8e%u7f8e%u6807%u51c6%u3002%3c/p%3e%0d%0a%3cp%3e%3cfont%20face%3dverdana%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%3c/font%3e%u5173%u4e8e%u6c34%u538b%u8bd5%u9a8c%u6e29%u5ea6%uff0casme%u2162%20nb6212%u5efa%u8bae%u6c34%u538b%u8bd5%u9a8c%u6e29%u5ea6%u53d6%u5728%u8106%u6027%u7834%u574f%u6700%u5c0f%u53ef%u80fd%u53d1%u751f%u7684%u6e29%u5ea6%uff0c%u6309%u7f8e%u6807%u51c6ansi%20sp-61%uff0cb16.34%u6c34%u538b%u8bd5%u9a8c%u6e29%u5ea6%u5e94%u4e0d%u9ad8%u4e8e125%u2109%uff0852%u2103%uff09%u3002%3c/p%3e%0d%0a%3cp%3e%3cfont%20face%3dverdana%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%3c/font%3e%u6309%u4fc4%u201c008%u8bbe%u7f6e%u53ca%u5b89%u5168%u8fd0%u884c%u89c4%u8303%u201d%uff0c%u4e0d%u9508%u94a2%u9600%u95e8%u7684%u6c34%u538b%u8bd5%u9a8c%u6e29%u5ea6%u5e94%u4e0d%u4f4e%u4e8e5%u2103%uff0c%u5176%u4e2d%u5305%u62ec%u5bf9%u6750%u6599%u5c48%u670d%u6781%u9650%u5c0f%u4e8e295mpa%u3001%u58c1%u539a%u4e0d%u5927%u4e8e25mm%u7684%u78b3%u94a2%u9600%u95e8%u548c%u6750%u6599%u5c48%u670d%u6781%u9650%u5c0f%u4e8e590mpa%u3001%u58c1%u539a%u4e0d%u5927%u4e8e16mm%u7684%u78b3%u94a2%u9600%u95e8%u3002%u5bf9%u4e8e%u5176%u5b83%u78b3%u94a2%u9600%u95e8%uff0c%u6c34%u538b%u8bd5%u9a8c%u6e29%u5ea6%u5e94%u9ad8%u4e8e%u8106%u6027%u8f6c%u53d8%u6e29%u5ea6%uff08t%3csub%3ek0%3c/sub%3e%uff09%uff0ct%3csub%3ek0%20%3c/sub%3e%u7684%u6570%u503c%u5e94%u5728%u8bbe%u8ba1%u6587%u4ef6%u4e2d%u89c4%u5b9a%u5e76%u5728%u5236%u9020%u4e2d%u9a8c%u8bc1%uff0c%u4e5f%u53ef%u4ee5%u6309%u201c002%u5f3a%u5ea6%u8ba1%u7b97%u89c4%u8303%u201d%u7ed9%u5b9a%u7684%u65b9%u6cd5%u786e%u5b9a%u3002%u7f8e%u56fd%u6807%u51c6%u6ca1%u6709%u660e%u786e%u6c34%u538b%u8bd5%u9a8c%u7684%u6e29%u5ea6%u4f4e%u9650%uff0c%u53ea%u89c4%u5b9a%u4e86%u9ad8%u9650125%u2109%uff0852%u2103%uff09%uff1b%u4fc4%u89c4%u8303%u6839%u636e%u6750%u6599%u6027%u80fd%u786e%u5b9a%u6c34%u538b%u8bd5%u9a8c%u6e29%u5ea6%u4f4e%u9650%uff0c%u6bd4%u8f83%u7b26%u5408%u9600%u95e8%u7684%u4f7f%u7528%u6761%u4ef6%uff1b%3c/p%3e%0d%0a%3cp%3e%3cfont%20face%3dverdana%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%3c/font%3e%uff082%uff09%u9600%u74e3%u7684%u5bc6%u5c01%u6027%u6309%u7167%u7f8e%u56fd%u6807%u51c6sp-61%uff0c%u8bd5%u9a8c%u7528%u6c34%u5728%u9600%u74e3%u538b%u5dee%u4e3a2.2%7e2.5p%uff08%u538b%u529b%u7b49%u7ea7%uff09%u65f6%u8fdb%u884c%uff0c%u5e76%u6309%u8865%u5145%u8981%u6c42620kpa%u7684%u7a7a%u6c14%u8fdb%u884c%u3002%u8bd5%u9a8c%u65f6%u7684%u6700%u5927%u5141%u8bb8%u6cc4%u6f0f%u4e3a%uff1a%3c/p%3e%0d%0a%3cp%3e%3cfo%2c%20face%3d%22verdana%22%20nt%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%3cfont%20face%3dverdana%3e%u2460%3c/font%3e%u5728%u989d%u5b9a%u76f4%u5f84%u7684%u6bcf%u4e00%u82f1%u5bf8%u6c34%u4e3a%2010cm%3csup%3e3%3c/sup%3e/h%uff1b%3cbr%3e%3cfont%20face%3dverdana%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%3cfont%20face%3dverdana%3e%u2461%3c/font%3e%3c/font%3e%u5728%u989d%u5b9a%u76f4%u5f84%u7684%u6bcf%u4e00%u82f1%u5bf8%u7a7a%u6c14%u4e3a%202.83%d710%3csup%3e3%3c/sup%3ecm%3csup%3e3%3c/sup%3e/h%u3002%3c/p%3e%0d%0a%3cp%3e%3cfont%20face%3dverdana%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%3c/font%3e%u5728%u4fc4%u7f57%u6f%u8bd5%u9a8c%u9600%u5ea7%u7684%u5bc6%u5c01%u6027%u6309%u6807%u51c6%u0393oct9544%u6307%u5bfc%u8fdb%u884c%u3002%u6309%u5176%u8981%u6c42%u4e00%u822c%u6765%u8bf4%uff0cdn%u2264300%u7684%u6240%u6709%u4e13%u7528%u9600%u95e8%uff08%u6ee1%u8db3%u4fc4%u201c008%u8bbe%u7f6e%u53ca%u5b89%u5168%u8fd0%u884c%u89c4%u8303%u201d%uff09%u5e94%u4e3a%u201cb%u201d%u7ea7%u5bc6%u5c01%uff1bdn%26gt%3b300%u7684%u9600%u95e8%u4e3a%u201cc%u201d%u7ea7%u5bc6%u5c01%u3002%u6309%u8fd9%u6837%u7684%u6807%u51c6%uff0c%u5bf9dn%u5728300%u4ee5%u4e0b%u9600%u95e8%u7684%u5bc6%u5c01%u6027%uff0c%u7528%u6c34%u8bd5%u9a8c%u65f6%u6bd4%u7f8e%u6807%u51c6sp-61%u9ad810%u500d%uff0c%u7528%u7a7a%u6c14%u8bd5%u9a8c%u65f6%u9ad8100%u500d%uff1b%u800c%u5bf9dn%u5927%u4e8e300%u7684%u9600%u95e8%uff0c%u7528%u6c34%u8bd5%u9a8c%u7684%u5bc6%u5c01%u8981%u6c42%u9ad84%u500d%uff0c%u7528%u7a7a%u6c14%u9ad810%u500d%3csup%3e%5b6%5d%3c/sup%3e%uff1b%3c/p%3e%0d%0a%3cp%3e%3cfont%20face%3dverdana%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%3c/font%3e%uff083%uff09%u5173%u4e8e%u771f%u7a7a%u6c14%u5bc6%u6027%u8bd5%u9a8c%uff0c%u7f8e%u56fd%u6807%u51c6%u6587%u4ef6%u6ca1%u6709%u660e%u786e%u7c7b%u4f3c%u8bd5%u9a8c%u3002%3c/p%3e%0d%0a%3cp%3e%3cfont%20face%3dverdana%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%3c/font%3e%u6309%u7167%u4fc4%u7f57%u6f%u6807%u51c6%uff08ott-87%2012.3.13%uff09%uff0c%u7528%u4e8e%u6c14%u4f53%u4ecb%u8d28%u5de5%u4f5c%u7684%u9600%u95e8%uff0c%u5e94%u5728%u88c5%u914d%u65f6%u7528%u7a7a%u6c14%u5728%u5de5%u4f5c%u538b%u529b%u4e0b%u5bf9%u96f6%u4ef6%u3001%u710a%u7f1d%u548c%u8fde%u63a5%u5904%u7684%u5bc6%u5c01%u6027%u8fdb%u884c%u989d%u5916%u8bd5%u9a8c%u3002%u4ea7%u54c1%u5728%u538b%u529b%u4e0b%u7684%u6301%u7eed%u65f6%u95f4dn%u5c0f%u4e8e%uff08%u5305%u62ec%uff09100mm%u5e94%u4e0d%u5c11%u4e8e2%20min%uff1bdn%u4ece100mm%3cfont%20face%3dverdana%3e%7e%3c/font%3e300mm%u7684%u4e0d%u5c11%u4e8e3min%uff1bdn%u5927%u4e8e300mm%u7684%u4e0d%u5c11%u4e8e5min%u3002%3c/p%3e%0d%0a%3cp%3e%3cfont%20face%3dverdana%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%3c/font%3e%u9664%u6b64%u4ee5%u5916%uff0c%u9600%u6746%u91c7%u7528%u6ce2%u7eb9%u7ba1%u5bc6%u5c01%u7684%u6240%u6709%u9600%u95e8%u8fdb%u884c%u8fde%u63a5%u5904%u5bc6%u5c01%u6027%uff08%u771f%u7a7a%u5bc6%u5c01%u6027%uff09%u548c%u6750%u6599%u76f8%u5bf9%u5916%u90e8%u4ecb%u8d28%u7684%u5bc6%u5c01%u6027%u68c0%u9a8c%u3002%3c/p%3e%0d%0a%3cp%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%3cfont%20color%3d%230909f7%3e3.5.2%20%u5173%u4e8e%u9600%u95e8%u7684%u9274%u5b9a%u8bd5%u9a8c%3c/font%3e%3c/p%3e%0d%0a%3cp%3e%3cfont%20face%3dverdana%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%3c/font%3e%u7f8e%u6807%u51c6ansi%20b16.41%u8be6%u7ec6%u89c4%u5b9a%u4e86%u6838%u7535%u5382%u52a8%u529b%u64cd%u4f5c%u80fd%u52a8%u9600%u95e8%u88c5%u7f6e%u7684%u529f%u80fd%u9274%u5b9a%u8981%u6c42%uff0c%u5305%u62ec%u6837%u673a%u9600%u95e8%u7684%u9274%u5b9a%u8bd5%u9a8c%u5185%u5bb9%u548c%u8bd5%u9a8c%u6837%u673a%u7684%u9009%u62e9%u539f%u5219%u3002%u800c%u4fc4%u7f57%u6f%u6ca1%u6709%u8fd9%u6837%u4e13%u7528%u7684%u6807%u51c6%u6587%u4ef6%uff0c%u4ec5%u5728ott-87%2011.5%u6761%u4e2d%u5bf9%u6837%u673a%u9600%u95e8%u89c4%u5b9a%u6309%u0393oct15.001-88%u7ecf%u53d7%u9a8c%u6536%u8bd5%u9a8c%uff08%u7c7b%u4f3c%u9274%u5b9a%u8bd5%u9a8c%uff09%uff0c%u5e76%u5bf9%u5728%u4ea7%u54c1%u7ed3%u6784%u6216%u5236%u9020%u5de5%u827a%u8fc7%u7a0b%u6539%u53d8%uff0c%u800c%u4e14%u8fd9%u4e9b%u6539%u53d8%u4f1a%u5f71%u54cd%u4ea7%u54c1%u7684%u5de5%u827a%u6027%u80fd%u65f6%uff0c%u8981%u6c42%u8fdb%u884c%u578b%u5f0f%u8bd5%u9a8c%uff0c%u4f46%u6ca1%u6709%u89c4%u5b9a%u578b%u5f0f%u8bd5%u9a8c%u7684%u5177%u4f53%u5185%u5bb9%u3002%u901a%u8fc7%u4e0e%u4fc4%u9600%u95e8%u4e13%u5bb6%u591a%u6b21%u4ea4%u6d41%u6709%u5173%u8bd5%u9a8c%u65b9%u9762%u7684%u95ee%u9898%uff0c%u4e86%u89e3%u5230%u4fc4%u5bf9%u4e8e%u5305%u62ec%u6837%u673a%u9600%u95e8%u7684%u9a8c%u6536%u8bd5%u9a8c%u3001%u5236%u9020%u8fc7%u7a0b%u4e2d%u9600%u95e8%u7684%u5b9a%u671f%u8bd5%u9a8c%u548c%u578b%u5f0f%u8bd5%u9a8c%u5728%u5185%u7684%u8981%u6c42%u5927%u90fd%u5728%u9600%u95e8%u6280%u672f%u6761%u4ef6%u548c%u8bd5%u9a8c%u5927%u7eb2%u4e2d%u63d0%u4ea4%u3002%3c/p%3e%0d%0a%3cp%3e%3cfont%20face%3dverdana%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%3c/font%3e%u5728%u7f8e%u6807%u51c6ansi%20b16.41%u9644%u5f55j%u4e2d%uff0c%u89c4%u5b9a%u4e86%u7528%u4e8e%u6837%u673a%u9600%u95e8%u7684%u9009%u62e9%u65b9%u6cd5%u548c%u8bd5%u9a8c%u7ed3%u8bba%u53ef%u5ef6%u4f38%u7684%u4ea7%u54c1%uff0c%u5176%u4e2d%u5305%u62ec%u9600%u95e8%u7684%u516c%u79f0%u901a%u5f84dn%uff0c%u5e94%u5728%u516c%u79f0%u901a%u5f84%u4e3a%u6837%u673a%u9600%u95e8%u76840.5%u500d%u52302.0%u500d%u5ef6%u4f38%uff0c%u800c%u516c%u79f0%u538b%u529b%u4e3a0.9%u500d%u52302.0%u500d%u7684%u8303%u56f4%u5185%u5ef6%u4f38%u8bd5%u9a8c%u7ed3%u8bba%u3002%3c/p%3e%0d%0a%3cp%3e%3cfont%20face%3dverdana%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%3c/font%3e%u4fc4%u7f57%u6f%u6ca1%u6709%u9009%u62e9%u6837%u673a%u9600%u95e8%u65b9%u6cd5%u7684%u6307%u5bfc%u6587%u4ef6%uff0c%u4f46%u5fc5%u987b%u9075%u5b88%u201c%u6837%u673a%u9600%u95e8%u8bd5%u9a8c%u5927%u7eb2%u201d%u3002%u6b64%u5927%u7eb2%u7531%u4e13%u95e8%u673a%u6784%u6279%u51c6%uff0c%u673a%u6784%u4ee3%u8868%u662f%u8fdb%u884c%u8bd5%u9a8c%u59d4%u5458%u4f1a%u7684%u7ec4%u6210%u90e8%u5206%uff0c%u59d4%u5458%u4f1a%u4e3b%u5e2d%u603b%u662f%u7531%u4e1a%u4e3b%u4ee3%u8868%u62c5%u4efb%u3002%u5728%u201c%u6837%u673a%u9600%u95e8%u8bd5%u9a8c%u5927%u7eb2%u201d%u4e2d%u786e%u5b9a%u6837%u673a%u9600%u95e8%u3001%u5bf9%u6837%u673a%u9600%u95e8%u8fdb%u884c%u7684%u8bd5%u9a8c%u548c%u8bd5%u9a8c%u7ed3%u8bba%u5ef6%u4f38%u5230%u5176%u5b83%u4ea7%u54c1%u7684%u65b9%u6cd5%u3002%u6587%u732e%3csup%3e%5b6%5d%3c/sup%3e%u4e2d%u6307%u51fa%uff0c%u4fc4%u901a%u5e38%u6709%u4ee5%u4e0b%u6307%u5bfc%u89c2%u70b9%uff1a%u8bd5%u9a8c%u7ed3%u8bba%u53ea%u80fd%u5ef6%u4f38%u5230%u540c%u4e00%u7cfb%u5217%u538b%u529b%u3001%u7ed3%u6784%u4e0a%u7c7b%u4f3c%u7684%u4ea7%u54c1%uff0c%u4ee5%u53ca%u540c%u4e00%u901a%u5f84%u4e0d%u540c%u516c%u79f0%u76f4%u5f84%u7684%u9600%u95e8%uff0c%u4f8b%u5982%u5bf9%u4e8edn25mm%u7684%u9600%u95e8%u7684%u8bd5%u9a8c%u7ed3%u8bba%u53ef%u5ef6%u4f38%u5230%u901a%u5f84%u76f8%u540c%u7684dn20%u548c32mm%uff1bdn50mm%u7684%u9600%u95e8%u5ef6%u4f38%u5230%u901a%u5f84%u76f8%u540c%u7684dn40%u548cdn65mm%u7b49%u3002%3c/p%3e%0d%0a%3cp%3e%3cfont%20face%3dverdana%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%3c/font%3e%u5728%u4fc4%u6807%u51c6%u4e2d%u6ca1%u6709%u660e%u786e%u89c4%u5b9a%u8bd5%u9a8c%u9600%u95e8%u7ed3%u8bba%u5ef6%u4f38%u7684%u89c2%u70b9%uff0c%u800c%u7f8e%u6807%u51c6%u5219%u8be6%u7ec6%u5177%u4f53%uff0c%u6613%u4e8e%u64cd%u4f5c%u6267%u884c%u3002%3c/p%3e%0d%0a%3cp%3e%3cfont%20face%3dverdana%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%3c/font%3e%3cfont%20color%3d%230909f7%3e3.5.3%20%u5173%u4e8e%u6297%u9707%u8bd5%u9a8c%3c/font%3e%3c/p%3e%0d%0a%3cp%3e%3cfont%20face%3dverdana%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%3c/font%3e%u53c2%u8003%u6587%u732e%3csup%3e%5b6%5d%3c/sup%3e%u4e2d%u4fc4%u9600%u95e8%u4e13%u5bb6%u9610%u660e%uff0c%u786e%u5b9a%u4ea7%u54c1%u81ea%u632f%u9891%u7387%u7684%u8bd5%u9a8c%uff0c%u4fc4%u7f57%u6f%u6807%u51c6p%u04142.6-07-28%u4e0e%u7f8e%u56fd%u6807%u51c6ansi%20b16.41%u7684%u8981%u6c42%u7c7b%u4f3c%uff0c%u533a%u522b%u5728%u4e8e%u6309%u4fc4%u7f57%u6f%u6807%u51c6%uff0c%u4ea7%u54c1%u81ea%u632f%u9891%u7387%u4e0d%u4ec5%u5728%u9600%u95e8%u4e2d%u5145%u5165%u4ecb%u8d28%u65f6%u6765%u786e%u5b9a%uff0c%u8fd8%u5e94%u5728%u6ca1%u6709%u4ecb%u8d28%u65f6%u786e%u5b9a%uff0c%u5728%u786e%u5b9a%u5171%u632f%u9891%u7387%u65f6%u4e5f%u662f%u5982%u6b64%u3002%u6309%u7f8e%u56fd%u6807%u51c6%uff0c%u5171%u632f%u7684%u7279%u5f81%u88ab%u8ba4%u4e3a%u662f%u9600%u95e8%uff08%u6267%u884c%u673a%u6784%uff09%u4e2d%u9891%u7387%u589e%u52a0%u4e3a%u6fc0%u632f%u9891%u7387%u76843%u500d%uff08%u5728%u53f0%u67b6%u5e73%u53f0%u4e0a%uff09%uff0c%u800c%u4fc4%u7f57%u6f%u6807%u51c6%u4e3a2%u500d%u6216%u66f4%u9ad8%u3002%3c/p%3e%0d%0a%3cp%3e%3cfont%20face%3dverdana%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%3c/font%3e%u6839%u636eott-87%uff0c%u9600%u95e8%u7684%u6297%u9707%u901a%u8fc7%u8ba1%u7b97%u548c%u8bd5%u9a8c%u7684%u65b9%u6cd5%u786e%u5b9a%uff08ott-87%207.6%u6761%uff09%uff0c%u800c%u5de5%u4f5c%u80fd%u529b%uff08%u6297%u9707%u6027%uff09%u53ea%u80fd%u7528%u8bd5%u9a8c%u65b9%u6cd5%u3002%3c/p%3e%0d%0a%3cp%3e%3cfont%20face%3dverdana%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%3c/font%3e%u5728%u7f8eansi%20b16.41%u4e2d%u9610%u8ff0%u4e86%u81ea%u632f%u9891%u7387%u226533hz%u7684%u6838%u7535%u7ad9%u9600%u95e8%u7684%u8bd5%u9a8c%u65b9%u6cd5%uff0c%u63a8%u8350%u5728%u9759%u6001%u5e76%u5728%u7535%u52a8%u6267%u884c%u673a%u6784%u652f%u67b6%u533a%u57df%u9644%u52a0%u4e00%u4e2a%u8377%u8f7d%u8fdb%u884c%u8bd5%u9a8c%uff0c%u8fd9%u4e2a%u8377%u8f7d%u53ef%u5728%u66f4%u5c0f%u7684%u786c%u6027%u5e73%u9762%u5904%u5f15%u8d77%u6700%u5927%u7684%u5f2f%u66f2%u5e94%u529b%u3002%3c/p%3e%0d%0a%3cp%3e%3cfont%20face%3dverdana%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%3c/font%3e%u81ea%u632f%u9891%u7387%u4f4e%u4e8e33hz%u7684%u9600%u95e8%u7684%u6297%u9707%u8bd5%u9a8c%u89c4%u5b9a%u6309%u6807%u51c6ieee.382%u8fdb%u884c%u3002%u5728%u53f0%u67b6%u4e0a%u56fa%u5b9a%u88ab%u8bd5%u9a8c%u7684%u4ea7%u54c1%uff0c%u5728%u4e09%u7ef4%u5782%u76f4%u5e73%u9762%u4e0a%u5efa%u7acb%u4ece2%7e35hz%u7684%u6fc0%u632f%uff0c%u626b%u63cf%u901f%u5ea6%u4e0d%u8d85%u8fc71min1%u4e2a%u500d%u9891%u7a0b%uff0c%u8fd9%u6837%u5e73%u9762%u7684%u6700%u5c0f%u6fc0%u632f%u4e0d%u9ad8%u4e8e%u6807%u51c6ieee-382%u56fe6%u4e2d%u89c4%u5b9a%u7684m%u6c34%u5e73%u76842/3%u3002%3c/p%3e%0d%0a%3cp%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%u5728ott-87%207.6%u6761%u548cp%u041426-07-28%u4e2d%u89c4%u5b9a%u8fd9%u4e2a%u503c%u7ea6%u4e3a30m/s%3csup%3e2%3c/sup%3e%u3002%3c/p%3e%0d%0a%3cp%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%u5728%u4e00%u4e2a%u5468%u671f%u7684%u6bcf%u4e00%u4e2a%u5171%u632f%u9891%u7387%u4e0a%uff0c%u8c10%u6ce2%uff08%u6b63%u5f26%u6ce2%uff09%u4f5c%u7528%u7684%u65f6%u95f4%u4e3a%uff1a%u6309%u6807%u51c6ieee-382%u4e3a15s%uff1b%u6309p%u041426-07-28%u4e3a20s%u3002%3c/p%3e%0d%0a%3cp%3e%3cfont%20face%3dverdana%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%3c/font%3e%u53ef%u4ee5%u8fd9%u6837%u8ba4%u4e3a%uff0c%u4fc4%u3001%u7f8e%u4e24%u56fd%u6807%u51c6%u5728%u9600%u95e8%u6297%u9707%u8bd5%u9a8c%u65b9%u9762%u6ca1%u6709%u5927%u7684%u5dee%u5f02%3csup%3e%5b6%5d%3c/sup%3e%u3002%3c/p%3e%0d%0a%3cp%3e%3cfont%20face%3dverdana%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%3cfont%20color%3d%230909f7%3e%20%3c/font%3e%3c/font%3e%3cfont%20color%3d%230909f7%3e4%20%u7ed3%u8bba%u548c%u5efa%u8bae%3c/font%3e%3c/p%3e%0d%0a%3cp%3e%3cfont%20face%3dverdana%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%3c/font%3e%u901a%u8fc7%u4ee5%u4e0a%u5bf9%u6bd4%u8bba%u8ff0%u53ef%u89c1%uff0c%u4fc42%u7ea7%u9600%u95e8%u7684%u89c4%u8303%u8981%u6c42%u5728%u8bb8%u591a%u65b9%u9762%u4e0easme%201%u7ea7%u9600%u95e8%u7684%u89c4%u8303%u8981%u6c42%u8fd8%u662f%u76f8%u5f53%u7684%uff0c%u6709%u7684%u751a%u81f3%u4e25%u4e8easme%u89c4%u8303%u8981%u6c42%u3002%u5982%u4e0e%u4e00%u56de%u8def%u51b7%u5374%u5242%u63a5%u89e6%u9600%u95e8%u90e8%u4ef6%u7684%u94b4%u542b%u91cf%u9650%u5236%u3001%u9600%u95e8%u53ef%u9760%u6027%u6307%u6807%u3001%u96f6%u4ef6%u5236%u9020%u534a%u6210%u54c1%u7684%u65e0%u635f%u68c0%u9a8c%u8303%u56f4%u65b9%u9762%u4ee5%u53ca%u771f%u7a7a%u6c14%u5bc6%u6027%u8bd5%u9a8c%u7b49%u3002%u4f46asme%u89c4%u8303%u5bf91%u7ea7%u9600%u95e8%u7684%u8981%u6c42%u4e5f%u6709%u4f18%u4e8e%u6216%u4e25%u4e8e%u4fc4%u89c4%u8303%u7684%u5730%u65b9%uff0c%u5982%u5b89%u5168%u9600%u7684%u542f%u95ed%u6574%u5b9a%u538b%u529b%u3001%u5b89%u5168%u9600%u6574%u5b9a%u538b%u529b%u7684%u6b63%u8d1f%u5bb9%u5dee%u8303%u56f4%u3001%u9600%u95e8%u7535%u52a8%u6267%u884c%u673a%u6784%u7684%u9274%u5b9a%u8981%u6c42%u3001%u9600%u95e8%u7684%u9274%u5b9a%u8bd5%u9a8c%u7b49%u3002%3c/p%3e%0d%0a%3cp%3e%3cfont%20face%3dverdana%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%3c/font%3e%u663e%u7136%uff0c%u4fc4%u3001%u7f8e%u4e24%u4e2a%u89c4%u8303%u4f53%u7cfb%u7684%u8981%u6c42%u5404%u6709%u9ad8%u4f4e%uff0c%u5728%u6838%u7535%u9600%u95e8%u7684%u6750%u6599%u3001%u8bbe%u8ba1%u3001%u5236%u9020%u3001%u5b89%u88c5%u3001%u68c0%u9a8c%u53ca%u8bd5%u9a8c%u65b9%u9762%u7684%u6280%u672f%u8981%u6c42%u5b58%u5728%u4e0d%u5c11%u5dee%u5f02%u3002%u56e0%u6b64%uff0c%u4fc4%u7f57%u6f%u7684%u201c%u4fc42%u7ea7%u9600%u95e8%u4e0easme1%u7ea7%u9600%u95e8%u7b49%u540c%u201d%u7684%u7ed3%u8bba%u4e0d%u80fd%u6210%u7acb%uff0c%u4e0d%u80fd%u6839%u636e%u6b64%u7ed3%u8bba%u5c06%u4fc42%u7ea7%u9600%u95e8%u5168%u90e8%u63d0%u9ad8%u5230asme%201%u7ea7%u9600%u95e8%u6765%u64cd%u4f5c%uff0c%u5e94%u6839%u636e%u5b9e%u9645%u8bbe%u8ba1%u60c5%u51b5%uff0c%u5177%u4f53%u5206%u6790%u63a7%u5236%u662f%u5426%u6709%u5fc5%u8981%u63d0%u9ad8%u9600%u95e8%u7ea7%u522b%uff0c%u4ee5%u4fdd%u8bc1%u91c7%u8d2d%u9600%u95e8%u7684%u5408%u7406%u6027%u548c%u7ecf%u6d4e%u6027%u3002%3c/p%3e%0d%0a%3cp%3e%3cfont%20face%3dverdana%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%3c/font%3e%u5bf9%u4e8e%u672a%u6765%u4e0e%u4fc4%u7f57%u6f%u5408%u4f5c%u7684%u6838%u9886%u57df%u9879%u76ee%uff0c%u82e5%u91c7%u7528%u4ee5%u4fc4%u89c4%u8303%u4e3a%u4e3b%u3001%u897f%u65b9%u91c7%u8d2d%u8bbe%u5907%u7684%u65b9%u5f0f%uff0c%u5219%u5e94%u53c2%u8003%u524d%u8ff0%u4fc42%u7ea7%u9600%u95e8%u548casme%201%u7ea7%u9600%u95e8%u7684%u4e3b%u8981%u6280%u672f%u8981%u6c42%u5dee%u5f02%u548c%u4fc4%u3001%u7f8e%u89c4%u8303%u4f53%u7cfb%u7684%u5f02%u540c%u5206%u6790%uff0c%u5efa%u8bae%u5728%u8bbe%u5907%u6280%u672f%u89c4%u683c%u4e66%u4e2d%u91cd%u70b9%u5173%u6ce8%u6216%u8865%u5145%u4ee5%u4e0b%u51e0%u65b9%u9762%u5185%u5bb9%u3002%3c/p%3e%0d%0a%3cp%3e%3cfont%20face%3dverdana%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%3c/font%3e%3cfont%20color%3d%230909f7%3e4.1%20%u4e0e%u4e00%u56de%u8def%u51b7%u5374%u5242%u63a5%u89e6%u7684%u8bbe%u5907%u6750%u6599%u4e2d%u94b4%u542b%u91cf%u7684%u9650%u5236%3c/font%3e%3c/p%3e%0d%0a%3cp%3e%3cfont%20face%3dverdana%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%3c/font%3e%u7531%u4e8eco%u5728%u4e2d%u5b50%u8f90%u7167%u540e%u5f62%u6210%u534a%u8870%u671f%u5f88%u957f%u7684%u653e%u5c04%u6027%u6838%u7d20%3csup%3e58%3c/sup%3eco%uff08%u534a%u8870%u671f72%u5929%uff09%u548c%3csup%3e60%3c/sup%3eco%uff08%u534a%u8870%u671f5.2%u5e74%uff09%uff0c%u5c24%u5176%u662f%u5f53%u5b83%u4eec%u4ece%u6750%u6599%u4e2d%u91ca%u653e%u51fa%u6765%uff0c%u6c89%u79ef%u5230%u5806%u5916%u7684%u56de%u8def%u90e8%u4ef6%u4e0a%uff0c%u7ed9%u68c0%u4fee%u65f6%u7684%u64cd%u4f5c%u5e26%u6765%u9ebb%u70e6%uff0c%u6240%u4ee5%u5bf9%u4e0e%u4e00%u56de%u8def%u51b7%u5374%u5242%u63a5%u89e6%u7684%u8bbe%u5907%u6750%u6599%u5e94%u4e25%u683c%u63a7%u5236%u94b4%u542b%u91cf%u3002%u4fc4ott-87%u89c4%u5b9a%u201c%u5728%u90e8%u4ef6%u4e0e%u4e00%u56de%u8def%u51b7%u5374%u5242%u63a5%u89e6%u9762%u79ef%u5927%u4e8e0.01m%3csup%3e2%3c/sup%3e%u7684%u4e0d%u9508%u94a2%u9600%u95e8%u4e2d%uff0c%u9650%u5236%u94b4%u542b%u91cf%u4e3a0.2%25%u201d%u662f%u5f88%u4e25%u683c%u7684%uff0c%u5efa%u8bae%u8bbe%u8ba1%u91c7%u7528%u4fc4%u89c4%u8303%u8981%u6c42%u6216%u5c3d%u91cf%u4f7f%u7528%u65e0%u94b4%u6750%u6599%u3002%3c/p%3e%0d%0a%3cp%3e%3cfont%20face%3dverdana%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%3c/font%3e%3cfont%20color%3d%230909f7%3e4.2%20%u7535%u6c14%u90e8%u4ef6%u7684%u9274%u5b9a%u5206%u7c7b%u548c%u9632%u62a4%u7b49%u7ea7%u8981%u6c42%3c/font%3e%3c/p%3e%0d%0a%3cp%3e%3cfont%20face%3dverdana%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%3c/font%3e%u7f8e%u6807%u51c6ieee-382%u3001%u6cd5%u56fdrcc-e%u6807%u51c6%u53ca%u6211%u56fdej/t1022.11-96%u6807%u51c6%uff0c%u5bf9%u9600%u95e8%u7535%u52a8%u6267%u884c%u673a%u6784%u7684%u9274%u5b9a%u548c%u9632%u62a4%u5212%u5206%u4e3ak%3csub%3e1%3c/sub%3e%u3001k%3csub%3e2%3c/sub%3e%u3001k%3csub%3e3%3c/sub%3e%u4e09%u79cd%uff0c%u8981%u6c42%u7535%u6c14%u5143%u4ef6%u5e94%u627f%u53d7%u8f90%u7167%u8001%u5316%u3001%u70ed%u8001%u5316%u3001%u6e7f%u70ed%u8001%u5316%u7b49%u6761%u4ef6%u8003%u9a8c%uff0c%u9ad8%u4e8e%u4fc4%u89c4%u8303ip55%u3001ip44%u7684%u7b49%u7ea7%u8981%u6c42%uff0c%u5efa%u8bae%u5bf9%u8bbe%u5907%u7684%u7535%u6c14%u90e8%u4ef6%u53c2%u7167%u7f8eieee%u7cfb%u5217%u6807%u51c6%u8fdb%u884c%u9274%u5b9a%u548c%u9632%u62a4%u3002%3c/p%3e%0d%0a%3cp%3e%3cfont%20face%3dverdana%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%3c/font%3e%3cfont%20color%3d%230909f7%3e4.3%20%u90e8%u4ef6%u7684%u65e0%u635f%u68c0%u9a8c%u8303%u56f4%u548c%u8981%u6c42%3c/font%3e%3c/p%3e%0d%0a%3cp%3e%3cfont%20face%3dverdana%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%3c/font%3e%u7531%u4e8easme%u89c4%u8303%u5bf9%u4e8edn%u226450mm%u9600%u95e8%u548c%u7ba1%u9053%u7684%u65e0%u635f%u68c0%u9a8c%u6ca1%u6709%u8981%u6c42%uff0c%u5bf9%u5c0f%u4e8e25mm%u7684%u7d27%u56fa%u4ef6%u96f6%u4ef6%u9664%u76ee%u89c6%u68c0%u67e5%u5916%u90fd%u4e0d%u68c0%u9a8c%uff0c%u5bf9%u5165%u53e3%u63a5%u7ba1%u540d%u4e49%u7ba1%u5f84%u7b49%u4e8e%u6216%u5c0f%u4e8e100mm%u7684%u9600%u95e8%u4e0a%u7684%u786c%u8d28%u5408%u91d1%u8868%u9762%u5806%u710a%u5c42%uff0c%u4e0d%u8fdb%u884c%u6db2%u4f53%u6e17%u900f%u68c0%u9a8c%u3002%u800c%u4fc4%u89c4%u8303%u68c0%u9a8c%u8303%u56f4%u5e7f%u6cdb%u4e14%u8bbe%u7f6e%u4e86as%u89c4%u8303%u4e2d%u7f3a%u5c11%u7684%u4e00%u4e9b%u68c0%u9a8c%u7a0b%u5e8f%uff0c%u4f8b%u5982%u5965%u6c0f%u4f53%u94a2%u96f6%u4ef6%u7684%u94c1%u7d20%u4f53%u542b%u91cf%u7684%u68c0%u9a8c%u3001%u5149%u8c31%u4eea%u68c0%u9a8c%u3001%u8131%u78b3%u5c42%u6df1%u5ea6%u68c0%u9a8c%u7b49%uff0c%u6240%u4ee5%u5728%u8bbe%u5907%u89c4%u683c%u4e66%u4e2d%u5e94%u6839%u636e%u5177%u4f53%u60c5%u51b5%u8865%u5145%u8003%u8651%u8fd9%u4e9b%u68c0%u9a8c%u8981%u6c42%u3002%3c/p%3e%0d%0a%3cp%3e%3cfont%20face%3dverdana%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%3cfont%20color%3d%230909f7%3e%20%3c/font%3e%3c/font%3e%3cfont%20color%3d%230909f7%3e4.4%u5b89%u5168%u9600%u6574%u5b9a%u503c%u548c%u6574%u5b9a%u538b%u529b%u5bb9%u5dee%3c/font%3e%3c/p%3e%0d%0a%3cp%3e%3cfont%20face%3dverdana%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%3c/font%3e%u4ece%u524d%u8ff03.3%u8282%u7b2c%uff081%uff09%u6761%u5bf9%u6bd4%u6765%u770b%uff0c%u7f8easme%u89c4%u8303%u5bf9%u88ab%u4fdd%u62a4%u7684%u8bbe%u5907%u548c%u7ba1%u9053%uff0c%u5b89%u5168%u9600%u5f00%u542f%u6574%u5b9a%u503c%u6309%u4e0d%u8d85%u8fc7110%25%u8bbe%u8ba1%u538b%u529b%u8003%u8651%uff0c%u800c%u4fc4%u89c4%u8303%u6309%u4e0d%u8d85%u8fc7115%25%u8bbe%u8ba1%u538b%u529b%u8003%u8651%uff0c%u8fd9%u4e0e%u5b83%u4eec%u81ea%u8eab%u7684%u5f3a%u5ea6%u8ba1%u7b97%u89c4%u8303%u662f%u4e00%u81f4%u7684%uff0c%u90fd%u662f%u53ef%u4ee5%u63a5%u53d7%u7684%u3002%u4f46%u5bf9%u4e8e%u88ab%u4fdd%u62a4%u7684%u8bbe%u5907%u548c%u7ba1%u9053%u7cfb%u7edf%uff0c%u5efa%u8bae%u5b89%u5168%u9600%u5f00%u542f%u6574%u5b9a%u503c%u53d6%u7528%u4e0d%u8d85%u8fc7110%25%u8bbe%u8ba1%u538b%u529b%u4e3a%u597d%u3002%u53e6%u5916%u5bf9%u5b89%u5168%u9600%u6574%u5b9a%u538b%u529b%u7684%u6b63%u8d1f%u5bb9%u5dee%uff0c%u5efa%u8bae%u53d6%u7528%u7f8e%u6807%u51c6%u8981%u6c42%uff0c%u6700%u5927%u8303%u56f4%u4e3a3%25%u3002%3c/p%3e%0d%0a%3cp%3e%3cfont%20face%3dverdana%3e%3cfont%20color%3d%230909f7%3e%3cfont%20color%3d%23000000%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%3c/font%3e%u53c2%u8003%u6587%u732e%3c/font%3e%3c/font%3e%3c/p%3e%0d%0a%3cp%3e%3cfont%20face%3dverdana%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%5b1%5d%20%u6587%u4e2d%u7b2c2%u8282%u6240%u5217%u5404%u79cd%u89c4%u8303%3cbr%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%5b2%5d%20%u5f20%u4e2d%u5cb3%uff0c%u9c8d%u517b%u6c11%uff0c%u9ec4%u7ecf%u7ecd%u300a%u6838%u52a8%u529b%u88c5%u7f6e%u8bbe%u5907%u548c%u7ba1%u9053%u5f3a%u5ea6%u8ba1%u7b97%u89c4%u8303%u300b%u8bc4%u4ef7%201997%u5e74l0%u6708%3cbr%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%5b3%5d%20%u738b%u7ee7%u4e1c%20%u300a%u538b%u6c34%u5806%u6838%u7535%u5382%u7269%u9879%u5206%u7ea7%u7684%u6280%u672f%u89c1%u89e3%u300b%201997%u5e743%u6708%3cbr%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%5b4%5d%20%u9648%u5fd7%u5947%uff0c%u738b%u7ea2%u7389%uff0c%u8521%u666f%u6fc2%uff0c%u502a%u7eaf%u4ec1%20%u4fc4%u7f57%u6f%u6cd5%u89c4%u6807%u51c6%u4e13%u9898%u8bc4%u4ef7%u62a5%u544a%uff0c%u300a%u5b89%u5168%u5206%u7ea7%u300b%201997%u5e74l0%u6708%3cbr%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%5b5%5d%20%u5218%u7eaf%u4e00%uff0c%u738b%u7ea2%u7389%uff0c%u738b%u6653%u6c5f%20%u4fc4%u7f57%u6f%u6cd5%u89c4%u6807%u51c6%u8bc4%u4ef7%u62a5%u544a%uff0c%u300a%u6838%u7535%u5382%u8bbe%u5907%u548c%u7ba1%u9053%u7684%u9600%u95e8%u901a%u7528%u6280%u672f%u8981%u6c42%u300b%28otf%26%238226%3b87%29%u8bc4%u4ef7%201997%u5e74l0%u6708%3cbr%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%5b6%5d%20b.b.%u0428%u0418p%u042fe%u0393.h.%u0418b%u0430hbo.tianwan%20nppjustification%20report-for%20the%20isolationvalves%20in%20the%20pressure%20boundary%20of%20the%20rcs%20to%20meet%20class%20l%20requirmentsof%20asme%3c/font%3e%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%26nbsp%3b%20%3c/p%3efunction ouword{var newwords;newwords = unescapewords;document.writenewwords;} ouword; 3.4在制造、安装及检验方面的要求对比 俄、美两个规范体系在核电阀门的制造、安装要求上基本上是相当的,但在检验要求上差异较大,如:ott-87对于阀门零、部件的制造从表面粗糙度、加工硬度及检验等方面规定了具体的要求。俄规范在某些范围较为严格,例如:在核电站阀门的零件制造半成品的检验范围方面,在ott中对1a、2b级阀门的要求没有区分(与3c级有区别),而按照asme规范,对于核电站1、2级阀门的零件制造半成品的检验范围方面有显著差异。 在不同公称通径阀门的要求上,两个规范系列也有极大的分别,即根据asme规范对于dn≤50阀门的无损检验没有要求,对于50mm<dn<100mm的检验范围较低,例如dn≤100的铸锭不经过x射线检查(焊接端除外),锻件(模锻件)不进行超声波检验,而且asme规范对入口接管名义管径等于或小于100mm的阀门上的硬质合金表面堆焊层不要求进行液体渗透检验。而ott-87对于不同公称通径阀门的检验范围没有区别,且无损检验范围要求多于asme规范。在ott-87中实际上所有级别阀门的零件都进行各种检验,还设置了asme规范中缺少的一些检验程序,例如奥氏体钢零件的铁素体含量的检验。 按照ott-87,所有级别阀门的主紧固件的检验范围都相当广泛,而asme规范,对小于25mm的紧固件零件除目视检查外都不检验。按照俄罗斯标准文件,对紧固件的要求在规范γoct23304和γoct20700中有规定,与asme规范规定的检验程序(超声波检验、液体渗透检验或磁粉检验)一样,规范γoct23304不仅要求对紧固件半成品进行超声波检验,而且还要求asme规范中缺少的一系列检验程序;如光谱仪检验、脆性转变温度的确定、脱碳层深度检验等等。 ott-87在附录12对堆焊硬质合金的密封表面质量提出了很严格的要求,在ott-87的12.2条中详细说明了毛细检验时不允许的堆焊缺陷。 锤击在一般工程中被广泛用于减少焊接变形,但是由于锤击会带来冷作硬化,影响焊缝金属的力学性能,所以在重要工程中应加以限制。在asmeiii中对锤击作出了明确的限制规定,但俄规范没有提及这方面的要求。 3.5 在阀门出厂试验和鉴定试验方面的要求对比 3.5.1关于出厂试验 ott-87在11.6条中规定了阀门的移交验收试验(相当于出厂试验),在移交验收试验中,每件阀门产品应由制造厂进行外观检查并经受以下试验: (1)介质压力下阀门零件和焊缝的强度和气密性试验;
(2)行程上的工作能力和平稳性试验;
(3)阀瓣、阀杆上的密封(如果试验之后不替换密封)、阀体-阀盖接合面、上部密封的密封性试验(对于从填料函空间可控泄漏的阀门)以及其它密封性试验;
(4)相对外部介质的真空气密性试验(对于工作压力<0.1 mpa的阀门和波纹管阀门)。 而美标准ansi b16.34在第7节中规定了壳体试验和阀门密封试验要求,并在asmeiiinb6000中规定了水压试验要求,两个规范体系关于阀门出厂试验的要求基本类似,有以下几点差异: (1)俄规定用压力进行的强度和密封性水压试验,应不低于“008设置及安全运行规范”5.2.1条规定的要求,水压试验压力应不低于以下公式所确定的值: ph=khp[δ]th/[δ]t(下限) 在上列公式中,阀门k=1.25;p为工厂试验时的设计压力或安装后运行过程中试验时的工作压力:[δ]th是壳体零件水压试验温度th下的额定许用应力;[δ]t是阀门壳体零件设计温度t下的额定许用应力。 而美asmeⅲnb6220要求水压试验压力值不低于1.25倍设备设计压力。由于一般情况下[δ]th>[δ]t,显然俄水压试验压力低限高于美标准。 关于水压试验温度,asmeⅲ nb6212建议水压试验温度取在脆性破坏zui小可能发生的温度,按美标准ansisp-61,b16.34水压试验温度应不高于125℉(52℃)。 按俄“008设置及安全运行规范”,不锈钢阀门的水压试验温度应不低于5℃,其中包括对材料屈服极限小于295mpa、壁厚不大于25mm的碳钢阀门和材料屈服极限小于590mpa、壁厚不大于16mm的碳钢阀门。对于其它碳钢阀门,水压试验温度应高于脆性转变温度(tk0),tk0的数值应在设计文件中规定并在制造中验证,也可以按“002强度计算规范”给定的方法确定。美国标准没有明确水压试验的温度低限,只规定了高限125℉(52℃);俄规范根据材料性能确定水压试验温度低限,比较符合阀门的使用条件; (2)阀瓣的密封性按照美国标准sp-61,试验用水在阀瓣压差为2.2~2.5p(压力等级)时进行,并按补充要求620kpa的空气进行。试验时的zui大允许泄漏为: ①在额定直径的每一英寸水为 10cm3/h;
②在额定直径的每一英寸空气为2.83×103cm3/h。 在俄罗斯试验阀座的密封性按标准γoct9544指导进行。按其要求一般来说,dn≤300的所有阀门(满足俄“008设置及安全运行规范”)应为“b”级密封;dn>300的阀门为“c”级密封。按这样的标准,对dn在300以下阀门的密封性,用水试验时比美标准sp-61高10倍,用空气试验时高100倍;而对dn大于300的阀门,用水试验的密封要求高4倍,用空气高10倍[6]; (3)关于真空气密性试验,美国标准文件没有明确类似试验。 按照俄罗斯标准(ott-8712.3.13),用于气体介质工作的阀门,应在装配时用空气在工作压力下对零件、焊缝和连接处的密封性进行额外试验。产品在压力下的持续时间dn小于(包括)100mm应不少于2min;dn从100mm~300mm的不少于3min;dn大于300mm的不少于5min。 除此以外,阀杆采用波纹管密封的所有阀门进行连接处密封性(真空密封性)和材料相对外部介质的密封性检验。 3.5.2关于阀门的鉴定试验 美标准ansib16.41详细规定了核电厂动力操作能动阀门装置的功能鉴定要求,包括样机阀门的鉴定试验内容和试验样机的选择原则。而俄罗斯没有这样的标准文件,仅在ott-8711.5条中对样机阀门规定按γoct15.001-88经受验收试验(类似鉴定试验),并对在产品结构或制造工艺过程改变,而且这些改变会影响产品的工艺性能时,要求进行型式试验,但没有规定型式试验的具体内容。通过与俄阀门专家多次交流有关试验方面的问题,了解到俄对于包括样机阀门的验收试验、制造过程中阀门的定期试验和型式试验在内的要求大都在阀门技术条件和试验大纲中提交。 在美标准ansib16.41附录j中,规定了用于样机阀门的选择方法和试验结论可延伸的产品,其中包括阀门的公称通径dn,应在公称通径为样机阀门的0.5倍到2.0倍延伸,而公称压力为0.9倍到2.0倍的范围内延伸试验结论。 俄罗斯没有选择样机阀门方法的指导文件,但必须遵守“样机阀门试验大纲”。此大纲由专门机构批准,机构代表是进行试验委员会的组成部分,委员会主席总是由业主代表担任。在“样机阀门试验大纲”中确定样机阀门、对样机阀门进行的试验和试验结论延伸到其它产品的方法。文献[6]中指出,俄通常有以下指导观点:试验结论只能延伸到同一系列压力、结构上类似的产品,以及同一通径不同公称直径的阀门,例如对于dn25mm的阀门的试验结论可延伸到通径相同的dn20和32mm;dn50mm的阀门延伸到通径相同的dn40和dn65mm等。 在俄标准中没有明确规定试验阀门结论延伸的观点,而美标准则详细具体,易于操作执行。 3.5.3 关于抗震试验 参考文献[6]中俄阀门专家阐明,确定产品自振频率的试验,俄罗斯标准pд2.6-07-28与美国标准ansib16.41的要求类似,区别在于按俄罗斯标准,产品自振频率不仅在阀门中充入介质时来确定,还应在没有介质时确定,在确定共振频率时也是如此。按美国标准,共振的特征被认为是阀门(执行机构)中频率增加为激振频率的3倍(在台架平台上),而俄罗斯标准为2倍或更高。 根据ott-87,阀门的抗震通过计算和试验的方法确定(ott-87 7.6条),而工作能力(抗震性)只能用试验方法。 在美ansib16.41中阐述了自振频率≥33hz的核电站阀门的试验方法,推荐在静态并在电动执行机构支架区域附加一个荷载进行试验,这个荷载可在更小的硬性平面处引起zui大的弯曲应力。 自振频率低于33hz的阀门的抗震试验规定按标准ieee.382进行。在台架上固定被试验的产品,在三维垂直平面上建立从2~35hz的激振,扫描速度不超过1min1个倍频程,这样平面的zui小激振不高于标准ieee-382图6中规定的m水平的2/3。 在ott-877.6条和pд26-07-28中规定这个值约为30m/s2。 在一个周期的每一个共振频率上,谐波(正弦波)作用的时间为:按标准ieee-382为15s;按pд26-07-28为20s。 可以这样认为,俄、美两国标准在阀门抗震试验方面没有大的差异[6]。 4 结论和建议 通过以上对比论述可见,俄2级阀门的规范要求在许多方面与asme1级阀门的规范要求还是相当的,有的甚至严于asme规范要求。如与一回路冷却剂接触阀门部件的钴含量限制、阀门可靠性指标、零件制造半成品的无损检验范围方面以及真空气密性试验等。但asme规范对1级阀门的要求也有优于或严于俄规范的地方,如安全阀的启闭整定压力、安全阀整定压力的正负容差范围、阀门电动执行机构的鉴定要求、阀门的鉴定试验等。 显然,俄、美两个规范体系的要求各有高低,在核电阀门的材料、设计、制造、安装、检验及试验方面的技术要求存在不少差异。因此,俄罗斯的“俄2级阀门与asme1级阀门等同”的结论不能成立,不能根据此结论将俄2级阀门全部提高到asme1级阀门来操作,应根据实际设计情况,具体分析控制是否有必要提高阀门级别,以保证采购阀门的合理性和经济性。 对于未来与俄罗斯合作的核领域项目,若采用以俄规范为主、西方采购设备的方式,则应参考前述俄2级阀门和asme1级阀门的主要技术要求差异和俄、美规范体系的异同分析,建议在设备技术规格书中重点关注或补充以下几方面内容。 4.1 与一回路冷却剂接触的设备材料中钴含量的限制 由于co在中子辐照后形成半衰期很长的放射性核素58co(半衰期72天)和60co(半衰期5.2年),尤其是当它们从材料中释放出来,沉积到堆外的回路部件上,给检修时的操作带来麻烦,所以对与一回路冷却剂接触的设备材料应严格控制钴含量。俄ott-87规定“在部件与一回路冷却剂接触面积大于0.01m2的不锈钢阀门中,限制钴含量为0.2%”是很严格的,建议设计采用俄规范要求或尽量使用无钴材料。 4.2 电气部件的鉴定分类和防护等级要求 美标准ieee-382、法国rcc-e标准及我国ej/t1022.11-96标准,对阀门电动执行机构的鉴定和防护划分为k1、k2、k3三种,要求电气元件应承受辐照老化、热老化、湿热老化等条件考验,高于俄规范ip55、ip44的等级要求,建议对设备的电气部件参照美ieee系列标准进行鉴定和防护。 4.3 部件的无损检验范围和要求 由于asme规范对于dn≤50mm阀门和管道的无损检验没有要求,对小于25mm的紧固件零件除目视检查外都不检验,对入口接管名义管径等于或小于100mm的阀门上的硬质合金表面堆焊层,不进行液体渗透检验。而俄规范检验范围广泛且设置了as规范中缺少的一些检验程序,例如奥氏体钢零件的铁素体含量的检验、光谱仪检验、脱碳层深度检验等,所以在设备规格书中应根据具体情况补充考虑这些检验要求。 4.4安全阀整定值和整定压力容差 从前述3.3节第(1)条对比来看,美asme规范对被保护的设备和管道,安全阀开启整定值按不超过110%设计压力考虑,而俄规范按不超过115%设计压力考虑,这与它们自身的强度计算规范是一致的,都是可以接受的。但对于被保护的设备和管道系统,建议安全阀开启整定值取用不超过110%设计压力为好。另外对安全阀整定压力的正负容差,建议取用美标准要求,zui大范围为3%。 参考文献 [1]文中第2节所列各种规范
[2] 张中岳,鲍养民,黄经绍《核动力装置设备和管道强度计算规范》评价1997年l0月
[3] 王继东 《压水堆核电厂物项分级的技术见解》1997年3月
[4] 陈志奇,王红玉,蔡景濂,倪纯仁俄罗斯法规标准专题评价报告,《安全分级》 1997年l0月
[5] 刘纯一,王红玉,王晓江俄罗斯法规标准评价报告,《核电厂设备和管道的阀门通用技术要求》otf•87评价 1997年l0月
[6] b.b.шиpяeγ.h.иbаhbo.tianwannppjustification report-for the isolationvalves in the pressureboundary of the rcs to meet class l requirmentsofasme
滑触线采购注意事项
1.4529脱硫浆液蝶阀D371X-10C脱硫蝶阀产品性能指标资料
说一说反渗透加超滤设备添加阻垢剂的原因
洗米污水处理解决方案
DL-1可调温万用电炉*
俄美核电阀门规范的技术要求差异(2)
检测瓶盖的耐冲击性能用什么仪器?
MOOG D661-4507C伺服阀计算负载流量
日本SMC油雾分离器特点与维护技巧介绍
绿化环保防尘网标准
构建智慧消防物联网云服务平台
防堵取样器的选购要遵循这六个标准
国产奶粉重拾消费者信任 全产业链模式保障“鲜活”度
电磁辐射检测仪告诉你电磁辐射的危害!
防爆双向拉绳开关的作用
数控刀架常见的故障及维修
高低温试验箱日常保养方法
电子皮带秤该怎样进行调试?
大孔阴离子交换树脂对有机物污染影响
节能降耗真空泵!